Backyard Birding - Providing the Four Basics

Food can be provided for birds in several ways. The correct plants can provide seeds or fruit or, in the case of hummingbirds, nectar producing flowers. Berries, fleshy fruits, nuts and acorns are treats for many types of wildlife. Native plants are preferred by many native birds, but supplemental plantings of many plants such as sunflowers and even some grasses are sure to invite some of the more fussy eaters. Many birds are "meat" eaters, and will dine on insects, earthworms, caterpillars and even rodents or smaller birds. This is one reason it is so important to eliminate all pesticides and poisons from your landscape.

Feeders should be placed away from thick shrubs or any other hiding places for neighborhood cats or other predators. Only provide enough food for several days, as wet seed can mold quickly. Favorite seeds for local birds include sunflower seeds, cracked corn and niger. (To prevent stray seed from sprouting under your feeder, spread on a cookie sheet and bake for 8 minutes in a 300° oven.)

Water is necessary for all birds not only for drinking but for bathing. Some birds use birdbaths to soften food before feeding it to their young. A natural water source such as a pond, creek or other body of freshwater is ideal if you are fortunate enough to have it. But a birdbath or even trays set about your yard to capture rainwater will suffice. Dump and clean the container every few days and refill it to prevent mosquito breeding and bacterial contamination.

Shelter and safety for birds and other forms of wildlife go hand in hand. Shelter is most easilly provided by choosing plants of various heights for your property, or leaving brushpiles and dead trees on the property for wildlife use. Thorny thickets provide some of the best escape routes for fleeing birds. Safety also entails keeping all pets at a safe distance from wildlife areas and keeping feeders and birdbaths clean and yards free from toxic chemicals.

Places to raise young for birds are as varied as housing for humans. Some nest on the ground or build their nests in shrubbery at various heights. Others prefer higher altitudes and will build nests in tree limbs, cavities in dead trees, chimneys or almost any hidden niche. If trees are limited on your property, you can entice more nesters by providing nest boxes.